Which is a major gastrointestinal symptom of hypercalcemia?

• A. Diarrhea
• B. Vomiting
• C. Abdominal pain
• D. Constipation

Answer: (D)

In hypercalcemia, the gastrointestinal tract is slowed down because high calcium dampens smooth muscle activity. This leads to decreased peristalsis and slower transit, so constipation becomes the most characteristic GI symptom. While vomiting and abdominal discomfort can occur, they are less specific, and diarrhea would be less expected since motility is reduced rather than accelerated. So constipation best reflects the gut effects of elevated calcium. The classic “stones, bones, groans, and psychiatric overtones” helps summarize the systemic impact, with constipation being a key GI manifestation.